![]() The article does not address the mass similarities between the papyrus and the plague narratives of Exodus 7-12. However, the actual papyrus is dated to the 13th century B.C., and the original composition date or date of events is purely based off of speculation, arguing that those time periods were extremely chaotic. ![]() I think the article should be more specific in saying that most scholars date the events, or perhaps even the original composition, to the FIP, Late Middle Kingdom, or TIP. The article states that most scholars date it to the First Intermediate Period or the Late Middle Kingdom. This is an extremely helpful article for those who have seen, heard about, or will see "The Exodus Decoded." I do, however, have a question to raise about the Ipuwer Papyrus. Who was this pharaoh that died dragged by the sea? Some scholars dated the Exodus by the time of Ramses II (1290-1224B.C.E.),just because there was a shift from caananite to israelite culture in the area where later becomes the kingdoms of Israel and Judah. He also was not swallowed by the sea either. When Tuthmoses III arrived in Thebes he used to make sure that he was the only one that could enter in the temple to see his golden god who gave him the incredible victory and extended the Egypt Empire untill Canaã by personally erasing his footprints off the floor and sealling the doors.He did not seem to be very impressive with our God! He obviously had to cross the Red Sea to do so.Could be at that time that he "chased" the slaves that were bothering him with plagues? The bible said the Exodus happened at 1446 B.C.E.Ten years later of the fall of Meggido.With this date could have Tuthmoses talked to Moses and Araon on his way back from Meggido to Thebes?If he did so, he forgot to record it in the temple of Karnak so proud he was "writing" down his great achievements.After all, it is not everyday that you defeat all Palestinians Princes by starving them for 7 months in a fortified town like Meggido,when they finally surrendered. So the story of a Pharaoh being dragged by the sea in this case is false because Ahmose came back to his proud mom in Thebes where his son was probably waiting for him.If the son died young he died in Thebes, not a victim of Carbon Dioxide in the delta of the Nyle.Īnother time a pharaoh was in the area happened when the great Tuthmoses III was on his way to conquer Meggido in 1456 B.C.E. I do not think that Ahmoses would have cared about chasing slaves and ill people(Myriam,the sister of moses apparently had hanseniase) but was more interested in conquering the south of Nile as he did next. It is well known that it was a horrible battle between egyptians and the hyksos, specially because the father and the older brother of Ahmoses died in two earlier military campaignes trying to get rid of the hyksos.Īhmoses triumph was a great glory for Egypt.īesides ancient egyptians texts describe the area as an area reserved for people with lepres, skin deseases etc.that needs to be "purified". If this gap of 30 years is not accurated it could be possible that the israelites escape in the middle of the confusion. and the volcano of Santorini perhaps exploded in 1525 B.C.E. In the story of Exodus,Moses was all the time going back and forth to talk to the Pharaoh.This could be only possible if the Pharaoh was in the delta of the Nile and not in Thebes.Īhmose threw away the Hyksos in 1555 B.C.E. This seems similar to other events recorded in ancient history where both sides claim a great victory. Although the Egyptians saw the expulsion of the Hyksos as a great military victory, the Israelites viewed it as a great salvation victory for them. The evidence seems to fit well with Josephus' account. ![]() The story of the Exodus is most likely based on the expulsion of the Hyksos from Egypt, for there is no other record of any mass exit from Egypt (Robertson 1990, 36 Halpern 1994, 89-96 Redford 1897, 150). The exit from Egypt by the Hyksos probably included the Israelites as well. Also this name was common among the Arameans, but uncommon among the Canaanites and Phoenicians (Zobel 1990, 189). The Jacob-El of Shiqmona must have been a local Palestinian ruler.In my opinion this proves the semitic origins of the Hyksos. In 1969 a scarab of Jacob-El was found in the Middle Bronze II tomb at Shiqmona, a suburb of Haifa, that was from a mid-18th century deposit 100-80 years before the Hyksos (Kempinski 1985, 132-3). One important ruler was named "Y'qbhr" or "Jacob-hr" (Albright 1934, 11). According to the Turin king list there were six Hyksos kings who ruled for 108 years.
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